Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample

Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample

Purpose Statement: To explain factors affecting fertility, splenectomy, and anemia, analyze and examine the patient symptoms presented in the case study.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

Introduction

Comprehensive knowledge and understanding of health and the associated factors are crucial in accurate and timely diagnosing patients’ medical conditions. While most systems are presented similarly across patients, gender contributes to the different manifestations of the same illnesses and disorders. The purpose of this case analysis is to explain factors affecting fertility, splenectomy, and anemia, analyze and examine the patient symptoms presented in the case study. Therefore, appropriate and timely diagnosis guarantees positive health outcomes since decision-making is tailored to understanding patients’ health conditions.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

Explain the factors that affect fertility (STDs) 

The two common sexually transmitted diseases that affect fertility include chlamydia and gonorrhea.

Explain why inflammatory markers rise in STD/PID Self-explanatory 

When left untreated, chlamydia and gonorrhea can invade the fallopian tubes or uterus, causing inflammatory disease (PID). PID causes swelling, scarring, and blockage of the fallopian tube, preventing eggs from moving into the uterus (CDC, 2021). Consequently, affected women have risks of ectopic pregnancy or infertility.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

Explain why prostatitis and infection happen. 

Prostatitis is a swelling of the prostate gland characterized by pain during urination. Prostatitis results from the direct passage of bacteria from the urinary tract or rectum into the prostate gland (Coker & Dierfeldt, 2016). Prostatitis can also result from sexually transmitted organisms such as the human immunodeficiency virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, or Neisseria gonorrhea. A systemic reaction to prostatitis causes fevers, chills, nausea, emesis, and malaise.

Explain why a patient would need a splenectomy after a diagnosis of ITP

The immune system of a patient diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) destroys its platelets, which are then removed through the spleen (Chaturvedi, Arnold, & McCrae, 2018). However, platelets are crucial in preventing bleeding in the human body. Removing the spleen (splenectomy) is vital in keeping more platelets in the body system.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

Explain anemia and the different kinds of anemia

Anemia is a condition that results from inadequate red blood cells to circulate enough oxygen to the body system. Anemia is morphological classified into microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic anemias depending on the size of the red blood cell of anemia include (Turner et al., 2021). In microcytic anemia, the mean corpuscular volume of the red blood cells is below <80 fL. Besides, the body lacks hemoglobin, and white blood cells are smaller and paler. Sideroblastic, iron deficiency, and thalassemia are examples of microcytic anemia. In macrocytic anemia, the mean corpuscular volume of the red blood cells is over 100 fL. Microcytic anemia is divide into two, megaloblastic and non-megaloblastic anemia. Megaloblastic microcytic anemias include folate and Vitamin B12 deficiencies. Non-megaloblastic anemia is caused by reticulocytosis, drug abuse, alcoholism, or hypothyroidism.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

Which one did this patient have and why? 

The patient is likely suffering from macrocytic megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency. The laboratory data shows the patient has reticulocyte count, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and serum B 12 levels are low. Equally, the patient’s MCV, plasma iron, and ferritin levels are high. These results are synonymous with macrocytic anemia (Yenilmez & Tuli, 2017). In prolonged vitamin B12 deficiency, the affected individual experiences peripheral neuropathy, characterized by numbness in the arms and legs as presented by the patient. Other symptoms of peripheral neuropathy include fatigue and weakness. This is because a lack of vitamin B12 damages myelin sheath surrounding and protecting the nerves.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

Racial/ethnic Variables

Anemic conditions are common in the back and Hispanic community compared to the whites (Le, 2016). Moreover, the prevalence of anemia is higher among older adults and women of reproductive age, including expectant women. The reason for the differential proportion of anemia among women is due to their high demand for iron. The female body system requires a high amount of iron to replace the ones lost during menstruation, supply more oxygen to the fetus, increase milk supply, and support the baby’s neurological development. Equally, the high-risk factors for blacks and Hispanics are inadequate nutrition and untreated chronic conditions due to inadequate access to healthcare.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

Conclusion

Different illnesses have overlapping symptoms. In this case, the patient presented symptoms associated with anemia and STD. Therefore, it is vital to have comprehensive knowledge and understanding of health and the associated factors is crucial in accurate and timely diagnosing patients’ medical conditions.(Examining Patient Symptoms Comprehensive Nursing Essay Sample)

References

Center for Disease Prevent and Control. (March 2021). STDs & Infertility. Retrieved 6 August 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/std/infertility/default.htm

Chaturvedi, S., Arnold, D. M., & McCrae, K. R. (2018). Splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenia: down but not out. Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 131(11), 1172-1182. 10.1182/blood-2017-09-742353

Coker, T. J., & Dierfeldt, D. M. (2016). Acute bacterial prostatitis: diagnosis and management. American family physician, 93(2), 114-120. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0115/p114.html

Le, C. H. H. (2016). The prevalence of anemia and moderate-severe anemia in the US population (NHANES 2003-2012). PloS one, 11(11), e0166635. https://doi.10.1371/journal.pone.0166635

Turner, J., Parsi, M., & Badireddy, M. (2021). Anemia. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499994/

Yenilmez, E. D., & Tuli, A. (2017). Laboratory Approach to Anemia. In Current Topics in Anemia. IntechOpen. https://doi.dox.10.5772/intechopen.70359